Secrates about Diabetes mellitus

Secrates about Diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitius

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolong period.

Diabetes due to either the pancreas not producing insulin enough or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced.

There are three types of diabetes mellitus

1.type 1 DM

2.type 2 DM

3.Gestational diabetes.

1.type 1 DM

This results from the pancreas Failure to produced insulin due to loss of beta cells .its also called “INSULIN-DEPENDED DIABETES MELLITUS’’(IDDM) or its also called juvenile diabetes. This cause Is unknown.

2.type 2 DM

Type 2 DM begins with insulin resistance, a condition in which cells failure to respond to insulin properly.its also called “NON INSULIN DEPENDED DIABETES MELLITUS”(NIDDM).or its also called adult –onset diabetes . the most common causes is a combination of excessive body weight and insufficient exercise.

3.Gestational DM

Gestational diabetes mellitus is the third main form, and occurs when pregnant women without a previous history of diabetes develop high blood sugar levels.

Sign & Symptoms

The symptom of untreated diabetes mellitus is

1 weight loss,

2 polyuria(increased urination),

3 polydipsia(increased thrust)

4 polyphagia(increased hunger)

Symptoms may develop rapidly in type 1 DM ,while they usually develop much more slowly and may be subtle or absent in type 2 DM

In additionally may be sufferd by

Blured vision

Headache

Fatigue

Slow healing of cuts

And itchy skin

Long term vision loss can also be caused by diabetic retinopathy.A number of skin rashes that can occur in diabetes are collectively known as diabetic dermadromes.

People may also experience with type 1 DM episode of diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA),a metabolic disturbance characterized by nausea ,vomiting and abdominal pain.

DIAGNOSIS

Diabetes mellitus is diagnosis by demonstrating any one of the following.

Fasting plasma glucose level >_7.0 mmol/L (126mg/dl)

Randome plasma glucose >_11.1 mmol/L(200mg/dL)

Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) >_ 48mmol/L(>_6.5DCCT%)

MANAGEMENT

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease ,for which there is no known cure except in very specific situations.

Concentrate on keeping blood glucose levels as close to normal,without causing low blood sugar.this can be accomplished with a healthy diet, exercise ,weight loss and use medications ,

Learning about the disease and actively participating in the treatment is important, since complications are far less common and less severe in people who habe well managed blood sugar levels.the goal of treatment is an hbA1c level of 6.5%,but should not be lower than that,and may be higher.attention is paid to other health problems that may accelerate the negative effects of disease .these include smoking,elevated cholesterol levels,obesity ,high blood pressure,and lack of regular exercise.